The Bank of Korea (BOK) reported on Wednesday that the Producer Price Index (PPI) rose 1.6 percent from the previous month, the sharpest increase since June 2022. On an annual basis, the index climbed 4.1 percent, signaling a potential bump-up in consumer inflation after a two- to three-month lagged pass-through.
The spike was primarily driven by industrial goods, which rose 3.5 percent on month. Energy-related products bore the brunt of geopolitical volatility following the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, with coal and petroleum prices skyrocketing 31.9 percent, the highest since December 1997, when the country was in a bailout crisis. Naphtha and diesel prices soared 68.0 percent and 20.8 percent, respectively.
Chemical products also felt the heat from rising raw material costs, climbing 6.7 percent as prices for key inputs such as ethylene and xylene jumped significantly.
The technology sector added to cost pressures on the manufacturing front. Prices for computers, electronics and optical instruments rose 4.1 percent, led by a staggering 101.4 percent surge in computer memory and an 18.9 percent increase in DRAM prices.
Agricultural and fishery prices offered slight reprieve, falling 3.3 percent. Seasonal factors led to sharp declines in the prices of strawberries and onions, which dropped 42.5 percent and 53.4 percent, respectively, partially offsetting the broader industrial gains.
The underlying data suggest deepening cost pressures across the supply chain. The domestic supply price index rose 2.3 percent, while the cost of imported raw materials surged 5.1 percent.
The total output price index, which includes exports, rose 4.7 percent, bolstered by a 14.6 percent spike in export prices of industrial goods. This was exacerbated by continued weakness in the Korean won, which averaged 1,493.83 against the U.S. dollar in March — the fourth-lowest monthly average on record.
The rapid cost buildup presents an immediate challenge for new BOK Governor Shin Hyun-song. During his inauguration on Tuesday, Shin identified stabilizing prices as his top priority, warning that “rising international oil prices are simultaneously exerting upward pressure on inflation and downward pressure on economic growth.”
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