As the June 3 Seoul mayoral election approaches, the 'Garden of Gratitude' in Gwanghwamun Square has emerged as a contentious political issue.
The Democratic Party has launched a full-scale offensive, criticizing the installation as a "hasty display of administrative showmanship," while the People Power Party defends it as a "historical space of gratitude for the countries that protected South Korea's freedom." The sculpture in the heart of Gwanghwamun has become a symbolic issue in the election campaign.
At the center of the controversy is the 'Garden of Gratitude,' which was created by the Seoul city government with a budget of approximately 20.7 billion won. The installation includes 23 stone sculptures representing South Korea and the 22 countries that participated in the Korean War, along with a media exhibition hall to express gratitude to these nations.
However, the Democratic Party has taken issue with this project, labeling it a "showy administrative display that undermines the historical and open nature of the square." Party members have initiated relay protests in Gwanghwamun Square, with lawmakers such as Yoon Geon-young and Ko Min-jeong joining the demonstrations to sway public opinion.
On May 15, Democratic mayoral candidate Jeong Won-o visited Gwanghwamun Square to assess the situation. He stated, "I do not deny the purpose of the 'Garden of Gratitude,' but I will listen to citizens' opinions to determine if the current location is appropriate and seek solutions."
Jeong also left open the possibility of relocating the War Memorial. He noted, "Many citizens have suggested that the War Memorial might be a more suitable location," and promised to explore the best options through public discourse if elected.
The Democratic Party's concerns center on three main issues. First is the location; critics argue that placing a military-themed sculpture in Gwanghwamun Square, a symbol of democracy and citizen communication, is inappropriate. Second is the visual impact; some civic groups and organizations related to the Korean language claim the sculptures obstruct views of the statue of King Sejong and the Korean Language Society memorial. Third is the process and budget; ongoing debates question the lack of public discourse and the substantial project cost of over 200 billion won.
Reactions from citizens on-site have been mixed. Some express understanding of the gratitude intended but question why it must be located in Gwanghwamun, suggesting the War Memorial as a more fitting site. Others argue that remembering the sacrifices of the participating countries is essential and that a location like Gwanghwamun, frequented by foreigners, adds to its significance.
Foreign tourists have been seen examining the sculptures, with some taking photos while expressing curiosity about their symbolism and purpose.
In response, candidate Oh Se-hoon has strongly defended the installation. At a recent completion ceremony, he stated, "Gwanghwamun Square is a symbolic space for both locals and foreigners in South Korea," emphasizing that the 'Garden of Gratitude' is the most fitting installation for this location. Voices from the People Power Party and some veterans' groups argue that the space dedicated to remembering the sacrifices of the participating nations should not be politicized.
Political analysts suggest that this controversy extends beyond a mere installation issue, evolving into a philosophical debate about how to define the identity of Gwanghwamun. The evaluation may differ based on whether the square is viewed as a symbol of democracy and citizen assembly or as a space that encompasses national memory and historical significance.
Most importantly, the outcome of this election could significantly influence the future of the 'Garden of Gratitude.' If Oh Se-hoon is re-elected, the installation may solidify its status as a key content for commemoration and tourism in Gwanghwamun, potentially leading to further enhancements. Conversely, if Jeong Won-o wins, discussions about relocation or reassessment could gain momentum, reviving calls within the Democratic Party and civil society for the War Memorial to be moved.
The 23 stone sculptures erected in the center of Gwanghwamun Square have transcended their role as mere urban fixtures, becoming symbols of political choices surrounding Seoul's history, memory, and spatial philosophy. The public sentiment leading up to the June 3 election is poised to shape not only the future of the mayor but also the landscape of Gwanghwamun itself.
* This article has been translated by AI.
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