Why Politicians Focus on Strong Supporters Instead of the Crucial Moderate Voters

There is a recurring scene during elections: as the campaign nears its end, politicians' rhetoric becomes harsher, and attacks on opponents intensify. Instead of persuading moderate voters, there is an increasing focus on energizing the base. Policy discussions fade, leaving only emotional appeals. This trend is evident in the upcoming June 3 local elections.
 
Interestingly, while political leaders often emphasize the importance of moderates, their actions tell a different story. Political analysts have long argued that in national elections, it is ultimately the 5% of moderate voters who decide the outcome. Historical election results show that the final decision often lies not with the strong supporters but with the undecided moderates. Yet, as the election approaches, politicians prioritize consolidating their base over expanding their appeal to moderates.
 
The current local elections reflect this pattern. Leaders from both major parties are making strong statements daily. While criticisms of the opposing camp have escalated, strategies for regional development and visions for citizens' livelihoods are relatively absent. In some cases, party leaders, who should be guiding the election, are even seen as liabilities in competitive districts.
 
Why do politicians make this choice? The answer lies in the fact that while moderates are difficult to sway, strong supporters react immediately. Strong rhetoric generates news coverage and spreads rapidly on social media, often earning applause. In contrast, persuading moderates is a slow and complex process that requires explaining policies and presenting realistic alternatives, which takes time.
 
While a politics centered on strong supporters may benefit elections, it incurs costs for society as a whole. The public becomes increasingly polarized, viewing the opposing camp not as a subject for discussion but as a target for attack. When the goal of politics shifts from problem-solving to rallying one’s base, national competitiveness inevitably declines.
 
Voters also need to change. Each election, sensational statements and political disputes dominate the news, but ultimately, it is not these words that will change the future of the region. What matters is not who delivers the most dazzling attacks, but who has the capability to foster urban growth. It is not about who raises their voice the loudest, but who can create jobs and develop local industries.
 
Politics should inherently aim for the middle ground. The essence of politics is to persuade people with diverse views and find common ground. However, recent trends show that politicians are increasingly moving toward the extremes. This tendency intensifies as elections draw closer.
 
Ultimately, it is not the voices of politicians that sustain democracy, but the judgments of voters. The assertion that the 5% of moderates decide elections is not mere electoral engineering; it signifies that the direction of South Korea is ultimately determined by citizens who quietly observe and then head to the polls. Politics should be driven by judgment rather than excitement, and a healthy democracy is shaped not by the loudest voices but by the wisest choices.