Clear skies do not guarantee safety. Intense summer sunlight can elevate ozone levels, posing a threat to respiratory health.
According to Air Korea, the ozone forecast for Incheon on June 24 indicates a "bad" level, while other regions are expected to be at a "normal" level.
Ozone is a gas composed of three oxygen atoms. While stratospheric ozone acts as a protective barrier against ultraviolet rays, high concentrations near the ground can be harmful. Excessive ozone in the troposphere, within 10 kilometers of the surface, can irritate the eyes, nose, and respiratory system, and negatively impact ecosystems.
Ozone is particularly challenging to manage with masks, similar to fine dust. On days with high ozone levels, reducing exposure time is a more practical response than relying on protective gear.
An ozone alert is issued when the one-hour average ozone concentration exceeds 0.12 parts per million (ppm). An ozone warning is declared at levels above 0.30 ppm, and a serious ozone warning is issued at levels above 0.50 ppm.
The most critical times for ozone exposure are typically in the afternoon when sunlight is strongest. Ozone forms when pollutants from vehicle emissions and industrial discharges react with sunlight. Therefore, even on days with low fine dust levels and relatively clear skies, ozone concentrations can rise during midday.
On days with high ozone levels, it is advisable to avoid prolonged outdoor activities and strenuous exercise. Vulnerable groups, including children, the elderly, pregnant women, and those with respiratory or heart conditions, should limit outdoor time and refrain from outdoor exercise. Air Korea recommends that the general public restrict long or strenuous outdoor activities when ozone levels are rated as "bad," while sensitive groups should avoid such activities altogether.
If you experience eye irritation, a scratchy throat, coughing, or difficulty breathing while outdoors, seek shelter indoors immediately. If symptoms persist, visiting a healthcare provider is advisable. Individuals with respiratory conditions such as asthma should carry their inhalers or necessary medications if outdoor exposure is unavoidable.
Reducing car use can also help lower ozone levels. Ozone is not emitted directly from chimneys or exhaust pipes; rather, it forms when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds react in sunlight. Using public transportation, minimizing unnecessary vehicle trips, and reducing idling are practical ways to decrease ozone formation.
* This article has been translated by AI.
Copyright ⓒ Aju Press All rights reserved.