The U.S. Department of Defense has signed a contract to use Google’s artificial intelligence models, The Information reported April 28, citing a source.
Under the deal, the Pentagon would use Google’s AI for “any lawful government purpose,” including classified work such as operational planning and weapons targeting, the report said. The contract is said to include language stating both sides agree the AI system is not intended to be used — and must not be used — for large-scale domestic surveillance or autonomous lethal weapons, including selecting targets, without appropriate human oversight and control. However, it also says the agreement does not grant any right to control or deny the government’s lawful operational decision-making, according to the report.
That wording has been interpreted to mean Google’s “Gemini” model could be used for surveillance of Americans or autonomous lethal weapons depending on circumstances, if needed. A Google spokesperson told Reuters, “Providing API access to our commercial models, including Google infrastructure, in line with industry-standard practices and terms, is what we believe is a responsible approach to supporting national security.”
Reuters said Google is the third company to sign an AI deal with the Pentagon, following OpenAI and xAI, the AI startup founded by Tesla CEO Elon Musk. The Pentagon last year signed separate AI-use contracts worth up to $200 million each with major AI companies including Google, OpenAI and Anthropic.
Afterward, Anthropic clashed with the Pentagon over a requirement that its AI model be used for “any lawful government purpose,” saying it did not agree to use for “large-scale domestic surveillance” or “autonomous lethal weapons development.” The Defense Department terminated its contract for Claude, and the Donald Trump administration issued an order banning Claude’s use within U.S. government agencies.
More recently, President Trump said the Pentagon’s use of Claude could be possible, raising the prospect of a new contract, the report said.
* This article has been translated by AI.
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