South Korea Gasoline Prices Stay Among OECD’s Lowest Despite Oil Surge

International oil prices have surged on Middle East geopolitical risks, pushing up gasoline prices worldwide, but South Korea’s pump prices have remained low compared with other advanced economies, industry data showed. Analysts cited government price-stabilization measures and the refining competitiveness and supply capacity of domestic refiners as key factors.

According to the industry on Wednesday, Korea National Oil Corp.’s Opinet data for the first week of April showed South Korea’s gasoline price among 23 OECD countries averaged 1,894 won per liter, the second-lowest after Japan. Only three countries, including third-place Canada, were below 2,000 won per liter. Prices in major European countries were far higher, including the Netherlands at 4,045 won, Denmark at 3,868 won, Germany at 3,698 won and France at 3,482 won.

On a pretax basis, South Korea ranked first. Its pretax gasoline price was 1,029 won per liter, the lowest among the 23 OECD countries and more than 500 won below the OECD average pretax price of 1,591 won.

The industry attributed the competitiveness to large-scale refining facilities and investment in advanced processing. The combined refining capacity of South Korea’s four refiners totals 3.36 million barrels a day, about fifth in the world, with several plants ranking among the world’s largest on a single-site basis, enabling cost savings through economies of scale.

Advanced upgrading units that convert low-value products such as bunker C fuel into higher-value gasoline and diesel were also cited as central to price stability. The refining industry is reported to have invested about 34 trillion won in upgrading facilities and related equipment from 2007 to 2024. By increasing the share of higher-value products from the same crude, refiners can support profitability while easing pressure on domestic prices.

Government measures also played a role. Data showed that after the outbreak of war in the Middle East, a maximum price system was implemented, and refiners cooperated to stabilize the market by holding back supply-price increases and minimizing margins. Company-run gas stations also joined price cuts, helping reduce the burden on consumers, the analysis said.

South Korea’s refining industry also has export strength. Last year, petroleum product exports ranked fourth among the country’s export items, after semiconductors, and offset about 60% of the crude oil import bill, according to the data. That helps explain why South Korea, despite being a non-oil-producing country, is counted among the world’s five largest exporters of petroleum products.

A refining industry official said domestic refiners import all crude oil but secure both price and quality through “world-class refining efficiency and advanced upgrading competitiveness,” adding that this helped keep the shock to consumer prices relatively limited even as global oil prices jumped.



* This article has been translated by AI.

Copyright ⓒ Aju Press All rights reserved.